Endodontics is the dental specialty that deals with the root canal. A root canal is the anatomic space within the root of a tooth, filled with dental pulp which is composed of cells, ground substance, small blood vessels and nerve fibers).Endodontic treatment consists of treating the dental pulp, inflamed due to the caries process that commonly  contributes to infection of the root canal when it is untreated. Fractures of dental restorations and trauma are also causes of pulp inflammation. In addition to inflammation, other situation that also leads to the endodontic treatment is the necrosis of a dental pulp. A necrotic pulp can lead the root canal infection to the apex region, leading to contamination of the periapical region with formation of lesions that must be treated quickly.